The re-election of Dr. Hassan Sheikh Mohamud as President of the Federal Republic of Somalia marked a significant historical moment, celebrated by the populace, hoping for a transition from a weak governance system. Here are some reasons why his second term was welcomed:
1. Hassan assured to avoid past mistakes and mismanagement that plagued his first term. His initial failure led to the jubilant 2017 election of President Farmajo by Benadir residents. Hassan now promises balanced decisions, appointing reputable and capable advisors, and aligning his words with actions.
2. Hassan was a vocal critic of Farmajo’s administration, spotlighting mismanagement and allegiance to foreign interests, as documented in Somali media. During Farmajo’s rule (2017-2022), tendencies towards authoritarianism, corruption, and societal division intensified. Public opinion favored Hassan as a member of the opposition, expecting ethical governance and real improvements that boost public trust.
However, two years later, public discourse reveals that Hassan’s efforts faced numerous hurdles, including:
1. Ignoring the deep distrust Somalis held towards high officials and Federal Parliament members. For instance, a 33-year-old taxi driver expressed despair, doubting he’d see a competent, people-serving government in his lifetime. Building public trust is crucial for Somalia’s governance.
2. Slow progress and internal conflicts within the Federal Government hindered the vision for 2026 – a unified, democratic, and lawful Somalia. The government’s disregard for extensive peace-building efforts and constitutional guidance exacerbates this gap.
3. Chaos within federal security agencies has stalled anti-Al Shabab operations. Lack of coordination and leadership hampers collective security efforts.
4. External political turbulence has been problematic. Key events include the contentious phone call (June 1, 2024) between U.S. Secretary Blinken and President Hassan addressing security interests, the Oslo Forum on mediation including Al Shabab dialogues, and participation in the Ukraine Peace Summit (June 15-16, 2024) which involved 77 nations but saw non-attendance from Russia and China. These events could strain Somalia’s foreign relations.
5. The government’s neglect of public opinion and grievances fosters despondency. The World Bank’s recent survey (Country Opinion Survey) in Somalia highlights stakeholder perceptions, underlining the importance of government responsiveness to public needs.
6. Over a decade of incomplete peace-building leaves Somalia in fragility. Despite achievements like debt relief and joining the East African Community, fundamental issues like security, governance, unemployment, and poverty remain critical. While international aid and peacekeeping efforts continue, lasting progress depends on substantial governmental reforms.
7. President Hassan’s frequent travels blur the roles between executive and legislative branches, questioning the necessity of existing government offices and their specializations. Proper administration, financial management, and integrating security forces combat terrorism and corruption effectively. Ensuring oversight and accountability at all government levels is essential.
Dr. Mohamud M. Culusow
mha****aw@gmail.com
