Entrenched

Somalia’s federalism debate is back in the spotlight after recent constitutional changes, but the fiercest political struggle is not about legal design. It is about who controls the state’s levers of influence. The contest runs through clan coalitions and elite networks that use government institutions as their arena. Until that deeper reality is confronted, arguments about centralization versus autonomy—whether power tilts toward Mogadishu or is diffused among member states—will misread how authority actually works. The…