Somalia’s New Identification Mandate: A Step Toward Unity or Controversy?

Mogadishu (AX) — In a bold move aimed at streamlining public services, Somalia’s Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation has mandated that all of its services will now require the presentation of a National Identification Card. This requirement is a product of the Prime Ministerial Directive XRW/415/04/2025, which aims to enhance nationwide identity verification through a unified system. The Cabinet endorsed this decision during its meeting on April 7, aligning it with the National Transformation Plan ratified just last month.

But what does this mean for the average citizen? The changes affect a range of essential services: from obtaining driver’s licenses and registering vehicles to verifying shareholders in transport companies and issuing permits. The ministry clearly stated, “No individual will be granted services by the ministry without presenting a valid National ID card.” This reinforces the critical need for citizens to embrace this new requirement.

Interestingly, this isn’t just an arbitrary overhaul; it is rooted in legal precedents. The Ministry hinted at existing frameworks, including the provisional road transport code from July 5, 2007, and Law No. 15 of January 1, 1971. These legal frameworks generally mandate official identification for accessing regulated transport services, making the current initiative a continuation rather than a revolution.

The overarching aim of this initiative seems commendable: creating a standardized system for identity management. The National Identification and Registration Authority (NIRA), which officially began operations in March 2023, has been positioned as an essential player in this effort. NIRA’s objectives include printing and issuing digital ID cards—with biometric verification no less—while aiming to build inter-ministerial service databases and combat fraud within public services. It’s a significant step toward modernization in a country striving to create a more operational government structure.

Yet, the road ahead is fraught with complications. For example, Northeastern State’s regional administration has voiced strong opposition to the ID program, arguing that it is politically motivated and could undermine regional autonomy. In June 2025, officials in Northeastern State officially rejected the national ID initiative, claiming it would infringe upon their constitutional rights. One must wonder: how can a unified approach truly serve a nation with distinct regional identities and needs?

The situation escalated recently when Northeastern State security forces detained a journalist reporting on federal identity registration efforts. This led to an outpouring of concern from press freedom advocates and even some federal authorities. The federal government’s response was swift and firm, labeling Northeastern State’s stance as “a breach of national cohesion.” They emphasized that NIRA is the sole authority permitted to issue identity cards in Somalia. This underlines an unsettling question: in striving for unity, could the federal efforts inadvertently exacerbate regional divisions?

Despite the turbulence from regional actors, various federal ministries have begun implementing this ID requirement with a sense of urgency. Ministries such as Labor and Social Affairs, Education, and Interior are expected to roll out similar mandates in the near future. The rationale? Officials argue that compliance with national legislation is imperative for enhancing secure access to essential services.

Citizens are encouraged to act promptly to secure their national ID card from NIRA. The last thing anyone wants is to face delays or interruptions while seeking transport-related government services. The gravity of this situation may evoke mixed feelings—perhaps a sense of unease at the looming bureaucracy, or even the frustration of waiting in long queues while trying to navigate a new system. Yet, it also holds the potential for positive change if executed effectively.

In essence, the pursuit of a unified identity system in Somalia is a complex tapestry woven with legal, political, and social threads. The federal government’s vision for a streamlined public service contrasts sharply with regional sentiments, illustrating the delicate balance between national coherence and regional autonomy. As citizens navigate this new landscape, one can’t help but ask: will this effort genuinely enhance public services, or will it further entrench divisions within the nation?

In the face of these questions and uncertainties, we remember that progress often comes with its share of challenges. Only time will reveal whether this initiative will succeed in uniting the nation or become another point of contention in Somali politics.