Diplomatic Tensions: Algeria’s Response to France’s Support for Moroccan Sovereignty in Western Sahara

On Tuesday, Algeria officially recalled its ambassador from France, reacting decisively to Paris’ affirmation of Moroccan control over the Western Sahara region.

This isn’t the first time Algeria has adopted such a stance; last year, it took similar actions against Madrid following Spain’s endorsement of Morocco’s autonomy initiative.

French President Emmanuel Macron articulated that this recognition stems from the belief that Moroccan sovereignty presents the only viable path to resolving the longstanding territorial conflict.

The rift, which traces its origins back to 1975, sees Morocco asserting its claim over Western Sahara, while the Polisario Front—backed by Algeria—seeks to establish an independent state in the area.

As the previous colonial authority, France has been meticulously navigating between the interests of Rabat and Algiers on this matter. Many of its Western allies have already lent their support to Morocco’s initiative.

In a correspondence addressed to King Mohammed VI of Morocco, Macron noted, “For France, autonomy under Moroccan sovereignty is the framework within which this issue must be resolved.”

He continued, “Our backing for the autonomy proposition presented by Morocco in 2007 remains steadfast. It is the only foundation for achieving a fair, enduring, and negotiated political resolution in accordance with U.N. Security Council decrees.”

Macron emphasized that France views Western Sahara as intrinsically linked to Morocco’s current and future sovereignty, stating that Paris would align its actions both domestically and on the international stage based on this stance.

The Royal Palace expressed approval of France’s announcement, describing it as a “noteworthy advancement in support of Moroccan sovereignty over the Sahara.”

Conversely, Algeria voiced “great regret” over Paris’ decision, denouncing it strongly and warning of potential repercussions.

Notably, Algeria has acknowledged the Polisario’s self-proclaimed Sahrawi republic and endorsed a U.N. plan proposing a referendum that includes independence as an option. However, this referendum has yet to be realized due to disputes over voter eligibility and operational procedures.

Recent U.N. Security Council actions have omitted the referendum option, instead advocating for collaboration towards a realistic compromise solution.

In 2022, Spain, the historical colonial power in Western Sahara, also announced its support for Morocco’s autonomy plan.

Moreover, the U.S., Israel, and several Arab monarchies have voiced backing for Morocco’s claim to the region, with 28 predominantly African and Arab nations establishing consulates in Morocco—an indicator of tangible diplomatic support.

Although the Polisario withdrew from a U.N.-brokered ceasefire in 2020, the smoldering conflict persists at a relatively low intensity.

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